Genetics and Epigenetics of Obesity
Obesity is influenced by genetic predispositions and epigenetic modifications that interact with environmental and lifestyle factors. Genome-wide association studies have identified variants in genes regulating appetite, adipogenesis, and energy expenditure. Epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, histone modification, and microRNA regulation, contribute to obesity susceptibility and heritability. Understanding these molecular drivers is critical for advancing precision medicine. Ongoing research is uncovering potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets that may lead to tailored prevention and intervention strategies in obesity and metabolic disorders.